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Objective: To investigate apoptotic effects of berberine, a significant alkaloids component existing in Rhizoma coptidis, and its possible acting mechanism in insulinoma cells. Methods: Different concentrations of berberine were used to treat mouse insulinoma(MIN6) cells for various period of time. The viability and apoptosis of the cells were analyzed using methylthiazolyldiphenvl-tetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. Changes in the relating pro-and anti-apoptosis proteins were detected by western-blotting. Results: The half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) of berberine was 5.7 μmol/L on MIN6 cells viability for 16 h. Berberine caused a 20% reduction(P0.05) in cell number after only 4-h incubation; which reached 50% after 24 h(P0.01). Berberine treatment for 16 h significantly increased the level of DNA fragmentation. The flow cytometry showed the apoptotic rate increased 2.9-and 4.6-fold after treating with berberine(5 μmol/L) for 8 and 16 h, while 3-and 8.7-fold after 10 μmol/L treatment for 8 and 16 h(P0.01). Berberine treatment dramatically elevated the expression ratio of Bax to Bcl-2. Meanwhile, berberine notably increased the apoptosis-inducing factors and cytochrome C transforming from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm. Apoptotic protease-activating factor 1(Apaf-1) was subsequently activated after cytochrome C release. Furthermore, caspase-3 and poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase were also activated to trigger apoptosis cascade. Conclusion: High concentration(5 and 10 μmol/L) of berberine could induce the apoptosis of MIN6 cells through cytochrome C/Apaf-1/caspase-3 and apoptosis inducing factor(AIF) pathway. 相似文献
104.
基于调控肠道菌群探讨中药防治脑卒中 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
肠道菌群是一个独特的生态系统,被称为人体"被遗忘的器官",被誉为人类的"第二基因组"。肠道菌群失调与许多中枢神经系统疾病相关,例如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默症、精神分裂症及多发性硬化等。脑卒中具有高的发病率、复发率、死亡率和致残率的特点。肠道菌群在脑卒中的发生、发展中起着关键的作用,可通过影响机体的吸收、代谢、血压、血糖、血脂及动脉粥样斑块等因素,进一步影响脑卒中的发病。中医认为脾胃气血流注失度、阴阳盛衰失衡,机体生理功能失调,化生"风、火、痰、虚、瘀"等病理产物,可致中风的发生。脾胃主腐熟运化水谷,肠道菌群影响饮食的消化吸收,现代研究的肠道菌群功能与中医之脾胃功能失调相关。因此,调整肠道菌群的稳态,可作为一个潜在的干预靶点预防和治疗缺血性脑卒中。中药干预脑卒中已经取得了很好的疗效,是否与调节肠道菌群有关,值得未来做进一步的研究。同时对中药有效成分(小檗碱、黄芩苷、白藜芦醇等),中药单方(丹参、红景天等)和中药组方(补阳还五汤、脑心通胶囊、补中益气汤等)防治脑缺血的研究进展进行综述,为缺血性脑卒中的预防和开发提供新的途径和思路。 相似文献
105.
Esther Diana Rossi MD PhD MIAC Guido Fadda MD Antonino Mule MD Gian Franco Zannoni MD Guido Rindi MD 《Cancer cytopathology》2020,128(5):317-320
The 2019 coronavirus pandemic, which started in Wuhan, China, spread around the globe with dramatic and lethal effects. From the initial Chinese epicenter, the European diaspora taxed the resources of several countries and especially those of Italy, which was forced into a complete social and economic shutdown. Infection by droplets contaminating hands and surfaces represents the main vehicle of diffusion of the virus. The common and strong efforts to contain the pandemic have relevant effects on the management of samples from histopathology laboratories. The current commentary reports and focuses on the protocols and guidelines in use at a large tertiary Italian hospital that accordingly are proposed for adoption in Italian laboratories as a potential model for national guidelines for the coronavirus emergency. 相似文献
106.
《Clinical breast cancer》2020,20(6):e761-e770
Introductionp53 and antiapoptotic B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BLC2) have been proposed as prognostic markers for early breast cancer (BC), although their relationship with conventional parameters and patient prognosis, as well as their distribution within the molecular BC subtypes remains uncertain.Patients and MethodsIn this observational study, we analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of p53 and BLC2 in 1099 early BC patients surgically treated between 2000 and 2006 and followed for at least 5 years, also considering their association with pathologic factors and molecular subtypes, as well as their influence on disease-free survival.Resultsp53 and BLC2 are distributed differently across molecular subtypes (P < .0001); in particular, p53 positivity and BLC2 negativity seems to be associated with more aggressive conventional tumor phenotypes. Moreover, BLC2 negativity seems to be a significant discriminating factor for disease-free survival (P = .003) according to Kaplan-Meier analysis, while p53 seems to have no discriminating effect. Among patients with discordant p53/BLC2 phenotype, the combination p53+BLC2− seems to be associated with the worst outcomes (P = .007) and significantly influenced the clinical course of node-negative patients treated only with hormone therapy (P = .004).ConclusionThese two biomarkers, in addition to conventional pathologic factors and molecular subtype, could help define the risk and outcome of BC. 相似文献
107.
Takeshi Nagashima Ken Yamaguchi Kenichi Urakami Yuji Shimoda Sumiko Ohnami Keiichi Ohshima Tomoe Tanabe Akane Naruoka Fukumi Kamada Masakuni Serizawa Keiichi Hatakeyama Kenya Matsumura Shumpei Ohnami Koji Maruyama Tohru Mochizuki Masatoshi Kusuhara Akio Shiomi Yasuhisa Ohde Masanori Terashima Katsuhiko Uesaka Tetsuro Onitsuka Seiichiro Nishimura Yasuyuki Hirashima Nakamasa Hayashi Yoshio Kiyohara Yasuhiro Tsubosa Hirohisa Katagiri Masashi Niwakawa Kaoru Takahashi Hiroya Kashiwagi Masahiro Nakagawa Yuji Ishida Takashi Sugino Mitsuru Takahashi Yasuto Akiyama 《Cancer science》2020,111(2):687-699
This study aimed to establish the Japanese Cancer Genome Atlas (JCGA) using data from fresh frozen tumor tissues obtained from 5143 Japanese cancer patients, including those with colorectal cancer (31.6%), lung cancer (16.5%), gastric cancer (10.8%) and other cancers (41.1%). The results are part of a single‐center study called “High‐tech Omics‐based Patient Evaluation” or “Project HOPE” conducted at the Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan. All DNA samples and most RNA samples were analyzed using whole‐exome sequencing, cancer gene panel sequencing, fusion gene panel sequencing and microarray gene expression profiling, and the results were annotated using an analysis pipeline termed “Shizuoka Multi‐omics Analysis Protocol” developed in‐house. Somatic driver alterations were identified in 72.2% of samples in 362 genes (average, 2.3 driver events per sample). Actionable information on drugs that is applicable in the current clinical setting was associated with 11.3% of samples. When including those drugs that are used for investigative purposes, actionable information was assigned to 55.0% of samples. Germline analysis revealed pathogenic mutations in hereditary cancer genes in 9.2% of samples, among which 12.2% were confirmed as pathogenic mutations by confirmatory test. Pathogenic mutations associated with non–cancerous hereditary diseases were detected in 0.4% of samples. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis revealed 5.4% of samples as having the hypermutator phenotype (TMB ≥ 20). Clonal hematopoiesis was observed in 8.4% of samples. Thus, the JCGA dataset and the analytical procedures constitute a fundamental resource for genomic medicine for Japanese cancer patients. 相似文献
108.
目的探索基于呼吸治疗团队教学的以问题为基础的教学法(problem based learning,PBL)在全科住院医师规范化培训中的应用。方法呼吸系统以老年人慢性疾病为主,是全科医学生教育的重要环节。开展PBL教学法的教学探索,以期达到对全科医师的专科疾病培训,使其理解并掌握相关疾病知识,能适应未来医学发展和社会需要,为患者提供更好的社区医疗服务。结果PBL教学法的精髓是发挥问题对学习过程的指导作用,调动学生学习的积极性和主动性,整体提升学生的综合素质和能力。结论在全科医学规范化培训教学中运用PBL教学,带教老师以任务为主线、以学员为主体进行引导,可极大的提高学生的学习兴趣、主动性以及自学能力,从而培养学员的分析问题、解决问题的能力。可以更好的帮助学员形成以患者为中心的临床诊断思路、提高解决临床问题的综合能力及团队合作能力。 相似文献
109.
《中医基础理论》是中医学课程体系中的主干课程,其教学质量对于中医学人才的总体培养质量具有举足轻重的作用。构建科学合理的教学评价方式是切实推进教学改革,提升教学质量的重要一环。文章论述了《中医基础理论》课程多元化教学评价方式的构建和具体实施方案,在整个《中基》教学过程的不同阶段合理地运用三种评价方式,进行全面客观和准确的判断评价,从而为师生"教"与"学"的切实改进和提升提供真实的依据。实践表明:多元化教学评价方式增强了学生学习的兴趣,提高了学生自主学习的积极性和能力,提高了学生运用知识分析和解决问题的能力,培育了学生的团队协作精神和创新思维;同时,激发了教师教学的热情,促进了教师教学理念、教学方法、教学手段以及专业知识的更新,提高了教师综合素质。本文对实践中存在的问题也进行了总结。 相似文献
110.